Yama & Niyama (Restraints and Observances)
Yama (यम) / Niyama
नियम
They are the first two limbs of Yoga's Eight Limbs, referring to universal moral and ethical principles for interacting with society and oneself.
Yama means "restraints," and Niyama means "observances" in Sanskrit. They are the first two limbs of Yoga's Eight Limbs, referring to universal moral and ethical principles for interacting with society and oneself.
Yamas include Ahimsa (non-violence), Satya (truthfulness), Asteya (non-stealing), Brahmacharya (continence), and Aparigraha (non-greed). Niyamas include Saucha (purity), Santosha (contentment), Tapas (austerity/self-discipline), Svadhyaya (self-study/scriptural study), and Ishvara Pranidhana (surrender to God). Practicing these cultivates mental purity and lays the foundation for deeper stages of Yoga.
Explained in detail as an introduction to the Eight Limbs in Yoga philosophy classes or workshops. The importance of "practicing Yoga ethics in daily life" is emphasized. Instructors convey that ethical living leads to inner peace and happiness.
Emphasize that "ethics are not merely rules, but guidelines for building harmony with oneself, others, and the world." Encourage students to reflect on the ethical aspects of their actions and choices.